E440 is Pectin E number

Pectin for use in food is defined as a polymer containing galacturonic acid units.Plant cell wall structure diagram Pectin in this state contains a range of neutral sugar molecules, in a complex non-random structure, containing blocks of homogalacturonic acid. The nature and placing of these neutral sugars may vary with the source material, and have some influence on the properties of pectins from different origins.
Pectin (E440) is a heterogeneous grouping of acidic structural polysaccharides, found in fruit and vegetables. Pectin is a natural, jelling ingredient derived from apple and citrus fruits, however, not all pectins are created equal. Capture the freshness and flavor of handpicked fruit anytime. Pectin is a plant fiber obtained from the rind and peel of citrus fruits such as lemons, grapefruits, oranges and tangerines. Other food carbohydrates such as beta glucans are considered to be bioactive and their anti-cancer action can be attributed to different types of carbohydrate.
People use pectin for high cholesterol, high triglycerides, and to prevent colon cancer and prostate cancer. Some people apply pectin to the skin to protect raw or ulcerated mouth and throat sores. Pectin is used as a food additives in cooking and baking. In manufacturing, pectin is an ingredient in some denture adhesives.
Pectin is a carbohydrate that is made of hundreds or thousands of sugar molecules chemically linked together. It is found in most plants and is particularly plentiful in the peels of apples, citrus fruits, and plums. Some also claim that a compound found in MCP strengthens the cancer cell–killing ability of T-cells, cells that also protect against germs.
Other food additives: Xanthan Gum        Agar agar