Xanthan Gum is produced by the fermentation of glucose, sucrose, or lactose by the Xanthomonas campestris bacterium. It E number is E415.it is added to a liquid medium to form the gum.Specific glycosyltransferases sequentially transfer the sugar moieties of the nucleotide sugar xanthan precursors to the lipid carriers.
Synthesis originates from glucose as substrate for synthesis of the sugar nucleotides precursors UDP-glucose, UDP-glucuronate, and GDP-mannose that are required for building the pentasaccharide repeat unit.It was discovered by an extensive research effort by Allene Rosalind Jeanes and her research team at the United States Department of Agriculture.
It is accepted as a safe food additive in the USA, Canada, Europe, and many other countries, with E number E415.Xanthan gum derives its name from the strain of bacteria used during the fermentation process, Xanthomonas campestris. Xanthomonas campestris is the same bacteria responsible for causing black rot to form on broccoli, cauliflower and other leafy vegetables.
The thickeners of xanthan gum solutions decreases with higher shear rates; this is called pseudoplasticity. This means that a product subjected to shear, whether from mixing, shaking or even chewing, will thin out, but once the shear forces are removed, the food will thicken back up.Unlike other gums, it is very stable under a wide range of temperatures and pH.Xanthan gum may be derived from a variety of source products that are themselves common allergens, such as corn, wheat, dairy, or soy.This may trigger a response in people highly sensitive to gluten.
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Other food additives: Agar agar CMC Guar Gum
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